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Expectancy is high: People perceive that if they try hard, they can             
                                  perform at a high level.

Instrumentality is high: People perceive that high performance leads           
                                       to the receipt of certain outcomes.

Valence is high: People desire the outcomes that result from high             
                             performance

• Motivation will be high when workers believe:
- High levels of effort will lead to high performance.
- High performance will lead to the attainment of desired outcomes.