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holy city in Arabia where Islam began, Muhammad born there, Kaaba there, site of pilgrimage 5th pillar

site of Hijrah, when Muhammad went there from Makkah, beginning of Islamic calendar

belief in one god

in cave on Mt. Hira, visited by angel Gabriel, prophet and messenger of God, began Islam, born in Makkah, led Muslims

messenger of God, Muhammad of is prophet of Islam; Abraham, Moses, Jesus all prophets

religion of Muslims, means "surrender to will of Allah"

Arabic for God in Islam, words in Quran given to Muhammad

one who believes in Islam, words in Quran given to Muhammad

when arts and achievements flourished in Middle East