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2-1 Jack wants to conduct an experiment on people’s perceptions of tattoos. He plans to manipulate the experimental conditions by having participants receive tattoos on their arms. The tattoos will vary in size and color. An ethical review board would most likely be concerned about

2-2 When personal interviews are conducted as part of a research study, the identity of the participant might be known.  In cases such as these, the researcher must

2-3 The most difficult ethical concern with regard to the privacy issue has to do with whether or not to use

2-4 Which type of information is not required for informed consent?

2-5 Under what circumstances is a researcher absolutely obligated to fully disclose all the particulars about the study? Full disclosure must be made

2-6 One problem with the use of informed consent is

2-7 The Belmont Report’s principle of _ requires that individuals be capable of making deliberate decisions about whether to participate in research.

2-8 The Zimbardo prison study had to be stopped in fewer than six days because

2-9 The Belmont Report’s ethical principle of justice on the selection of participants requires

2-10 The Health and Human Service (HSS) regulations define "no risk" research as

2-11 A researcher’s results should be considered fraudulent if

2-12 When a researcher manipulates temperature of a room in order to examine the effect  it has on task performance, the different temperature conditions are referred to as the _ of the variable.

2-13 An operational definition of the variable "anxiety" might be

2-14 Dr. Kramer found that the average number of miles driven decreases as the price of gasoline increases.  This relationship can best be described as a ___ relationship.

2-15  What two problems arise when interpreting results obtained using the nonexperimental method?

2-16 Experimental control is accomplished by

2-17 Random assignment is a critical element of the experimental method because it

2-18 A researcher investigated the relationship between alcohol intake and reaction time in a driving simulation task. Participants drank either one ounce or three ounces of alcohol and were then measured on braking speed at a simulated red light. The dependent variable was the

2-19 When a researcher can make a strong inference that one variable caused another, the study is said to have _validity.

2-20 A psychologist studied dependency by measuring how many times children in school asked an adult for help. A critic argued that asking for help is not a good measure of dependency. In fact, the critic said, asking for help shows resourcefulness and initiative. The critic in this situation was disputing the ___ of the dependency measure.