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● Metformin-, GLP1 receptor agonist-, and acarbose-treated patients develop gastro-intestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and flatulence. Unlike with the former two drugs, these symptoms persist and practically preclude the utilization of acarbose.
● Gastro-intestinal symptoms of metformin should be reported as they may indicate a beginning lactate acidosis.
● Sulfonylurea and insulins evoke hypoglycemic episodes manifesting as tremor, sweating, tachycardia, and various neurological (neuroglycopenic) manifestations.
● Sulfonylurea, insulins, and  pioglitazone may increase body weight, which should be self-monitored by all patients with diabetes.
● Pioglitazone may precipitate heart failure symptoms such as dyspnea and edema, but also edema alone, due to fluid retention.