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stroke

ischemic
   atherosclerotic
      large artery atherothrombosis     (extracranial, intracranial)
      small artery atherothrombosis     (lacunar infarction)
   embolus
      intra-artery
      cardiogenic
      paradoxical               (R=>L heart via patent foramen ovale)
   systemic hypotension / cardiac arrest

hemorrhagic
   brain hemorrhage
         due to hypertension, cerebral amyloid angiopathy
   subarachnoid hemorrhage
         due to ruptured berry aneursym