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Philosophy Unit One Vocabulary (50 Cards)

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Myth

A sacred and traditional tale that helps to guide the lives of people.

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Culture

Society's answers to life's problems passed down from generation to generation.

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Philosophy

The love of wisdom.

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Dogma

An idea established by tradition as true.

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Doubt

Question the truth of.

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Skeptic

One who disagrees with generally accepted conclusions.

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Reason

The ability for organized and logical thinking.

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Cosmos

The universe regarded as an orderly, harmonious whole.

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Cosmology

The branch of philosophy dealing with the origin and structure of the universe.

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Metaphysics

The branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of reality and the relationship between mind and matter.

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The Natural Philosophers of Miletus

Ancient Greeks who sought a scientific explanation for the events in the world; Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes.

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Arché

The origin of underlying substance of the universe.

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Apeiron

Limitless, boundless, infinite.

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Psyché

The state of being alive, the breath of life.

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Orphism

Greek "mystery religion" that believes in the soul and reincarnation.

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Harmony

Parts of a whole working smoothly together.

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Ratio

A numerical relationship between things.

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Proportion

a part in relation to the whole.

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The Golden Section

1.618...; one f the many mathematical proportions found in nature and used in art and architecture.

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Logos

The underlying principle of the universe; that which stays constant while all else changes.

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Flux (Heraclitus)

Change; the logos of the reality.

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Contradiction

A statement that both affirms and denies its basic meaning.

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Being

All that is; the totality of existence.

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Paradox

An idea the goes against common sense but may be true.

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Ad Infinitum

Without end, to infinity.

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Rationalism

A belief that reason is the primary tool for gaining knowledge.

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Materialism

The belief that physical matter is most real.

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Atomos

"uncuttables;" The particles that make up the physical universe.

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The Void

Empty space; location without substance.

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Relativism

The view that truth is relative to the individual.

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Rhetoric

The art of persuasive speech.

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Humanism

A concern primarily for human beings and their welfare.

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Objective

Existing independently of our perceptions, judgments, or feelings.

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Subjective

That which is derived from the individual's mind and has no external reality.

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Eudaimonia

Happiness; fulfilling one's potential.

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Arête

Virtue; able to perform its duty well.

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Elenchus

The Socratic Dialectic; Socrates' conversational technique for obtaining wisdom.

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Interlocutor

The person being questioned in a Socratic Dialogue.

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Piety

Holiness; one of the ethical ideals that Socrates pursued for living a good life.

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Particulars (Plato)

The imperfect copies that make up the physical world.

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The Forms, eidos (Plato)

The Perfect and unchanging reality that the particulars pattern themselves after.

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Dualism

The view that reality consists of two realms.

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Mimesis

Copy, imitation.

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Pederasty

The love of boys common in ancient Greek culture.

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Eros

Erotic love.

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Philia

Fraternal love; e.g., love for family or friends.

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Agape

Spiritual love; e.g., love for God.

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Teleology

The branch of philosophy dealing with the ultimate purpose and design of the universe.

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The Golden Mean (Aristotle)

The ethical middle position between two extremes.

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The Great Chain of Being

The categorical and hierarchal structure of reality.

Flashcard set info:

Author: Lisa Aleksyuk

Main topic: Philosophy

Topic: Greek Philosophy

School / Univ.: Cleveland High School

Published: 04.11.2009

Tags: Philosophy Unit 1 Vocabulary

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Philosophy Unit One Vocabulary (50 Cards)