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All main topics / Criminology / Victimology

Victimology Test 3 (16 Cards)

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Maximalists
Argues that an overlooked problem is reaching epidemic proportions.

Outlook assumes the worst.

Try to mobilize people and resources into stopping the perceived problem.
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Source: Page 194
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Minimalists
Assume a skeptical stance on new issues.

Tries to minimize the scope and seriousness of the problem.
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Source: pg 194
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Rule of Thumb
Guideline that prohibited men from using sticks thicker than the width of their thumb to beat their wives, whose "provocations" included "passionate language" and refusal to preform sexual acts.
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Source: pg 230
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Throwaways
Kids expelled from their homes by angry or neglectful parents. Not the same as run away children.
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Source: Pg 198
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Amber Alert
America's Missing: Broadcast Emergency Response.
Named after a kidnap victim in 1996 in Texas
Set up in the late 1990's
In all 50 states

The goals are to deter kidnappings by scaring would be offenders with the prospect of being apprehended quickly and to rescue children quickly.

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Source: Pg 202
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Missing Children
Kids whose whereabouts are unknown to their parents or caretakers. Simple lack of knowledge as to where the kid is. Does not imply that the kid is in danger or has run away.
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Source: pg 194
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Guardian ad litem
An advocate for the child who provides support and advice during legal proceedings, especially if the alleged offender is a parent.

Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1974 required that kids be provided with GALs if the case was being heard in family court.

Duties include, accompanying the child to legal matters, assisting the child in getting mental health, social, and medical services.
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Source: pg. 218
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Rape Shield Laws
Generally, stipulate that the defense cannot introduce evidence about the accuser's past sexual conduct unless, the woman has been convicted of prostitution, has had consensual sex before with the defendant, or has an obvious incentive to lie.

Provide for a hearing to be held in the absence of a jury, spectators, and the press.
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Source: Pg 285
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Infanticide
is the practice of intentionally killing an infant
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Stalking types
Accounting for most types are:

Celebrity stalking- following a well known person around and interfering with their lives as either a "secret admirer" or an enemy. Few cases but highly publicized.


Prior-Relationship: Repeatedly contacting the victim and a harassing, frightening, and unwelcome way. May destroy property, steal mail, or follow the victim around in daily activities. More common


Stalkers are primarily motivated by vengeance and the hatred of the victim. Rarely is affection the real reason.
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Source: pg 311
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Reliability
Repeatability or consistency. If an experiment is repeated many times it will give identical results if it is reliable.
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Aggravated rape
Rape, wherein a weapon is used during the commission of the crime.
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Pseudomemories
Invented memories arising from the therapist's repetition of persuasive suggestions.

Unintended misguiding.
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Source: 214
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Repressed Memories
Memories that are hidden away from a person that rise again. Release of a traumatic memory is often through emotionally straining experiences or with the help of a therapist.
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Source: pg 212
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Tawana Brawley Case
1987

15 year old Tawana accused 6 white men, some of whom were cops, of having raped her.

It was decided that Tawana was not abducted and he fabricated the story after many inconsistencies were found in her story and several witnesses placed her in public event during the time she claimed to be abducted.

This case was racially charged and drew much press.
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Validity
Are you measuring what you think you are measuring?
Flashcard set info:
Author: nickcrowl
Main topic: Criminology
Topic: Victimology
School / Univ.: University of Nevada, Reno
City: Reno
Published: 14.04.2010
Tags: UNR, victimology, nick crowl, ken peak
 
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