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What are the budget and finance constraints that the state places

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PA 581 Government Operations Discussions 1 Week 1
Refer to your state’s most recent budget, or that of a state that interests you.
•What are the budget and finance constraints that the state places on local government?
•Does Dillion’s rule, as discussed in the text, apply?
•Do any units of local government have home-rule powers; and, if so, what is the extent of these powers?
•Determine the process this state follows with its yearly operating budget and also its capital budget.
•Does the state have written budgeting procedures that are updated regularly and followed? Are the procedures and processes followed? Are the four parts of the budget cycle followed clearly?

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The city has been running budget deficits for the past three years.

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PA 581 Budget Deficit Discussions 1 Week 2
Let’s suppose that you are the budget director for the City of Hope. The city has been running budget deficits for the past three years. You have recommended measures to control the budget and eliminate the deficit over the next three years. You are now approaching the end of the second year; it is apparent that the situation hasn’t changed significantly, and you project that the deficit will continue to grow. What strategy would you develop now to correct the situation? Also, do you believe an amendment to the city charter or constitution prohibiting deficits would be a solution over the next three to five years? Why? Why not? What do you think about the federal budget deficit and political debates surrounding it? Does your state have an annual or biennial budget? How many appropriation bills are usually passed? How much object-of-expenditure detail appears in these bills? What item veto power, if any, does the governor have?….

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How do you determine whether a new program should be recommended

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PA 581 Benefits-Cost Analysis Discussions 1 Week 3
How do you determine whether a new program should be recommended for creation and funding? Do you approve a program with a favorable rate of return and net present value that exceeds the governmental entity’s internal rate of return? Or, do you approve a program that serves the needs of citizens, but may not create the desired rate of return? What is a capital budget and how does it differ from an operating budget? What are the main steps/ procedures in preparing the capital budget? Can you find some examples of a capital budget for a governmental entity online and share with us?…

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Does your state develop a tax expenditure budget?

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PA 581 Tax Expenditure Budget Discussions 1 Week 6
Does your state develop a tax expenditure budget? Does it prepare impact statements? What are some of the issues/challenges that can arise in forecasting government revenue (local, state, and/or federal)? Which of them would you consider the most difficult to address/circumvent?
Additionally, how is the baseline revenue forecast prepared? If the present tax structure is the normal tax baseline, what is the level of tax expenditures?
Finally, please select one of the alternative methods of revenue forecasting as discussed in the textbook (Chapter 12) and briefly describe what it involves and where/when it can be best employed (and why)…

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You are aware of the risks of borrowing money and the grave

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PA 581 Debt Policy Statement Discussions 1 Week 7
You are the chief fiscal officer for a municipality and have been directed by the mayor’s office to lead the development of a written debt policy statement. You are aware of the risks of borrowing money and the grave importance of strong internal controls. What must be included in this policy if it is to be effective?…
PA 581 Debt Restrictions Discussions 2 Week 7
What restrictions are placed on state and local government debt in your neck of the woods? What methods are used to avoid those limits? Is there a state bond bank?….

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Education (3520 Cards)