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From the specification on...

x Start of work and end of work of a shift
x Duration of breaks
x Utilization rate of the capacity
x From the number of the individual capacities the capacity consists of

...the system calculates the operational time as well as the daily available capacity at a work center in the chosen basic quantity unit.

In the case of a deviation from the standard availability you may specify temporally, variable, available capacity with any units of quantity and availability intervals of different versions.
For these temporally limited available capacities you can specify availability intervals.
By maintaining the validity of the availability interval the present availability intervals will be erased or limited.

A standard routing defines the process sequence for the production of a material. In contrast to reference operation sets, standard routings are assigned to a material.

A reference operation set simplifies the maintenance efforts by describing frequently repeated operations of a manufacturing process.
In the form of a reference or a template, the reference operation set is integrated into the standard routing as a part of it.

Capacity planning is the process of determining production capacity, by needs of the organization, to meet changing demands for its products

x Long-term rough-cut planning
x Medium-term planning
x Short-term detailed planning

x Analyse capacity load in a company.

x Standard overview of the load situation of selected work
   centers.

x Detailed capacity list, displays orders that cause the
   capacity requirements at work centers.

x Variable overview, display any capacity planning data.

Purpose of capacity levelling, at different planning levels:

x High capacity load
x Short Lead Times
x Adherence to Dates
x Low Stocks

Continuous Distribution
Partial capacity requirement, distributed over days between two basic values
Discrete Distribution
Partial capacity requirement, is loaded on the later basic value

To optimize the production and therefore the profit of a company according to the predefined aims.

First level
Client. Stored data is valid for the whole corporate group.

Second level
Company Codes. Stored data is valid for only one company and its plants and storage locations.

Third Level
Plants. Views like MRP, Forecast and Purchase are only accessable on Plants-Level and are therefore only valid for this plant and its Storage Locations.

Fourth Level
Storage Locations. Data stored on this level shows where the different materials are stored.

By choosing the material type, you can pre-control which views in SAP are to be administrated and the allocation of the material numbers.

MRP is material resource planning. The information you receive on those views is about material planning procedures and lotsizing procedures as well as the depending parameters to those procedures.

Basic Data
Purchasing,
Sales
Work scheduling
QM
Forecasting
Warehouse Management
Storage
Accounting
Stocks in plant/storage location
MRP

Descriptive data is data with information content such as name, size or dimension.
Steering data, is data that the system uses to perform control function, for example MRP type and price control.

Organization levels like company codes, plants… because one sales division in smaller companies i.e. might distribute all products.

The Profile Generator proposes a profile containing several authorizations during assignment of roles to a user. Those auths. and proposed field values still must be readjusted.

The Task/Function Matrix documents composite roles as functions with corresponding transactions at task level. Most reusability of tasks in different roles desired.

List of components that together create a material. The list contains the object number of each component, together with the quantity and unit of measure.
A BOM can be used as a basis for Production Planning:
Design department
Creating/designing parts using a BOM as master, creating BOMs out of the CAD-system (via an interface).
MRP department
Exploding time-phased BOMs to calculate cost effective order quantities.
Work scheduling department
A BOM as basis for operation and production planning.
Production order management department
Planning the provision of materials.

Single-Level BOM
The product contains just parts that can’t be separated into other parts/material (one production level)
Multi-Level BOM
The product contains parts that can be separated into other parts/material.
Summarized BOM
All used assemblies and different compounds of a product are listed in a summarized BOM (including quantities and units of measure)

Material BOM
Represents the structure of the material
Equipment BOM
Describes the whole required equipment to fabricate a product.
Order BOM
You can create an order BOM which fits to the sales requirements (as from your customers, sales structure…).
Document Structure
Contains documents, technical drawings or programs
Functional Location BOM
Elements of a technical structure, such as the functional unit of an entire plant.

Simple BOM
Contains the structure of a single-level or multilevel BOM
BOM Group
Used to group together material BOMS that describe one product or several similar products.
Variant BOM Different/additional materials -> variants
Multiple BOM Different BOM for one single product that differ for example just in the quantity of combined materials -> alternatives

Mission statement
Verbal description of the business objectives and expectations
Business driver
Quantifiable goals such as customer satisfaction or reduced transport costs
Project result ratios
Economic ratios

This blueprint is a detailed concept of the business requirements and helps to find out more about the involved processes. Also the team can get a better idea of how the company wants to implement their workflows in the R/3 system.

x Project preparation
x Business Blueprint
x Realization
x Final Preparation
x Go Live and Support

Development system, Test system, Live system

With OSS (Online Service System) which allows SAP to log on the system and check if everything runs cleanly.

Centrally agreed contracts, distributed contracts
A contract is a longer-term purchase agreement, know in the SAP System as an “outline agreement”, against which materials or services can be released (ordered).

Outline agreement
Predefined validity period, value limit.

…(?)

A quota arrangement is a mechanism for determining which portion of the total requirement of a material over a period is to be procured from a certain source.

A scheduling agreement is an online purchase agreement against which materials or services are procured on predefined dates over a certain period.

Determination of requirements  ?

Source determination
To search new procurement transaction, to fall back on data that is already available in the system

Purchase order processing
A purchase order is a formal request to a vendor to supply you with goods or services at the conditions stated in the purchase order.

Goods receipt
Post the receipt of goods from an external vendor or from production.

Release procedure: with/without classification

Deterministic
Exact calculation based on orders and sales program
Time and cost intensive
Stochastic
Forecast of the demand based on historic values
Heuristic
Estimate of the demand
Depends on experience

x Reorder Point Planning (manual/automatic)
x Forecast-Based Planning
x Time-Phased Planning

Static Lot-Sizing
x Lot-for-lot quantity
x Fixed lot size
x Replenishment (Auffüllung) to the maximum stock level

Period lot-sizing procedures
Groups several requirements within a time interval together

Optimum lot-sizing procedures
Costs (setup or order and storage) are minimzed

Forward scheduling
Used with manual reorder point planning
Backward scheduling
Used with forecast based planning

x Processing time for purchasing
x Planned delivery time
x Good receipt processing time

x Medium/long term planning of sales quantities
x Planning of production quantities
x Estimation of realisation of proposed production plans

x Synchronous to sales
x Stock level = zero
x Target stock level
x Target days’ supply

x Constant Pattern
x Trend Pattern
x Seasonal Pattern
x Seasonal Trend Pattern

Alpha Factor
0,1 – 0,3 Approximate normal variable consumption
0,3 – 0,5 Significant changes (for instance in sales promotion)

Advantage: Actual consumption values more weighted
Disadvantages: Heavily dependent on alpha